1. Match the period
Use revenue and expenses from the same month, quarter, or year.
2. Enter people costs
Include payroll, employer-paid benefits, and contractor spending in their respective fields.
3. Add operating costs
Enter software, marketing, occupancy, and other expenses.
4. Review total expenses
The headline shows the combined operating cost for the period.
5. Assess cost intensity
Compare the expense ratio, operating remainder, and largest category.